Infrastructure

Scaling sustainable aviation fuel production

Macquarie Asset Management is supporting SkyNRG develop a commercial‑scale SAF production facility in the Netherlands

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SectorInfrastructure
Sub-sectorEnergy
LocationsEurope & North America

Opportunity

Aviation accounts for approximately 2.5 per cent of global CO2 emissions, with sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) widely recognised as the most viable near-term lever to decarbonise the sector.1

As a low-carbon alternative to fossil jet fuel, global SAF demand is expected to reach approximately 17 million tonnes per annum by 2030.2 However, production remains well behind projected demand, constrained by a lack of commercial‑scale production capacity, with an estimated additional 5.8 million tonnes of capacity required to meet 2030 demand.2

Europe faces a particularly acute supply gap, with current installed capacity covering only one-third of expected mandated demand under the EU’s ReFuelEU regulation.2

This structural undersupply, combined with strengthening regulatory mandates, creates a significant tailwind for scaled SAF production.


Approach

In November 2023, Macquarie Asset Management (MAM) secured investment rights up to €175 million in SkyNRG via one of its managed funds, to support the development of a pipeline of SAF production facilities.

Since acquisition, MAM has supported the structuring and execution of substantial equity and debt financing to fully fund the construction of the DSL-01 project and other future growth initiativesDSL-01 is a greenfield facility located at the Delfzijl chemical park in the Netherlands that will convert waste-based feedstocks such as used cooking oil, residual fats and greases into SAF using HEFA technology.3 This financing included more than €750 million of non-recourse project finance debt from a syndicate of 12 international lenders.

The DSL-01 project is designed to produce 100,000 tonnes of SAF per annum, plus 35,000 tonnes of sustainable by-products including biobased propane, butane, and naphtha.

Outcome

In February 2026, SkyNRG reached financial close on DSL‑01, marking the transition from development to construction and representing the culmination of several years of close collaboration between MAM and SkyNRG.

With construction well underway, the project is underpinned by a long-term offtake agreement with KLM Royal Dutch Airlines for at least 75 per cent of the plant’s SAF output, with contractual pass-through of feedstock costs, mitigating a key challenge to large-scale SAF production. The SAF produced is expected to deliver lifecycle greenhouse gas reductions of approximately 80 per cent compared to fossil jet fuel, rising to over 90 per cent as Dutch renewable energy availability increases and natural gas reliance is reduced.4

Beyond its first project, SkyNRG has two further production facilities in development – Project Wigeon in Washington State, United States in partnership with Boeing, and Project SkyKraft in Northern Sweden in collaboration with leading regional energy utility Skellefteå Kraft.

Transportation, Aircraft, Airplane, Aeroplane, Jet, Airliner, Travel, Sky, Vacation, Airline

100,000 tonnes

of SAF production capacity per annum at DSL‑014

petrol, pump, gas, refuel, petrol station

35,000 tonnes

of sustainable by-products produced per annum at DSL‑014

Carbon capture, CO2 trapping, CO2 storage, Carbon dioxide capture and storage, CCS, Greenhouse gas capture, Carbon dioxide mitigation, Carbon tax, Carbon dioxide, Co2 emission, Net zero

~80 per cent reduction

In lifecycle GHG emissions, increasing to over 90 per cent over time, versus fossil jet fuel4

handshake, greeting, clasp, grip, shake, handclasp, handgrip, embrace, welcome, salutation

Long-term offtake agreement

with KLM for up to 75 per cent of plant output

The start of construction of DSL-01 marks a defining moment for sustainable aviation. Together with committed partners like KLM and MAM, we are building critical infrastructure that will help accelerate aviation’s transition towards lower emissions while strengthening Europe’s sustainable fuel industry.”

Maarten van Dijk
SkyNRG CEO & Co-Founder

  1. World Economic Forum, ‘Global Aviation Sustainability Outlook 2026’, March 2026 - read article 
  2. World Economic Forum, ‘Financing Sustainable Aviation Fuels: Case Studies and Implications for Investment’, February 2025 - read article 
  3. Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids (HEFA) – a process that refines vegetable oils, waste oils, or fats into SAF through a process that uses hydrogen. 
  4. SkyNRG press release, February 2026

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